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<title>ABC教育网-博客Blog</title>
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<title><![CDATA[影子的故事]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/254/1872.html</link>
<author>3138</author>
<pubDate>2008-6-15 16:24:04</pubDate>
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<TD class=font_headline21 align=middle bgColor=#cccc99 colSpan=3 height=24><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>影子的故事</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>朋友为我叙述一则安徒生童话，题目就是“影子的故事”。听完之后，难免产生联想与反省。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>在阳光之下，影子总是随形而生，看来一片阴暗，使人不安。影子虽然没有独立的生命，但是变化无穷，久之难免得意忘形，以为自己不必依附主人，也可以游历世间。他对主人说，我们假装是朋友，结伴同行到别处发展吧。他们来到一个国家，国王正在为公主招聘驸马。影子大胆应征居然中选，于是他开始厌恶主人又老又丑的模样，遂要求国王把主人关入狱中。婚礼前夕，影子担心主人搅局，派人下毒把主人谋害。然后呢?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>童话的结局大都不外乎：“从此以后，影子与公主过着快乐的日子。”但是，这一次没有。结局要让读者自己去想。答案一：既然主人已死，影子怎么独存?影子应该随之消失，使得一切像是春梦一场，无迹可寻。答案二：影子的阴谋被人揭穿，受到适当的惩罚。答案三：反省一下，我们是不是都在做这样的一个影子?或者，人生就是影子谋害主人的过程?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>影子象征我们的幻想与欲望，为了实现幻想、满足欲望，我们游历世间，学习必要的知识与技能，在过程中逐渐世俗化，成为社会所欢迎的典型。外在的角色、地位、关系、成就，足以使人忘却自我，甚至不喜欢那偶尔发出质疑的内心。谋杀主人的诡计，是很容易得逞的。结果呢?满街都是影子。明代哲学家之中，有人主张：满街都是圣人。这真需要特别的慧眼，不过未免把圣人说得太空泛了。在我看来，满街都是影子，或许较为接近实情。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>存在主义之父克尔凯果尔（Kierkegaard,1813—1855）由于个人之真诚体验，特别强调自我与抉择。他指出人生的三种绝望：一、不知有自我；二、不愿成为自我；三、不能成为自我。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>若是不知有自我，正如影子遗忘了主人，可以不断向外追逐一切欢乐，今朝有酒今朝醉，但是刹那生灭的变迁流转，只能换来“忧郁”的心境。不能停下，不能反省，不能追问意义。这是第一种绝望。<BR>若是蓦然回首，发现了自我，然后呢?是否愿意成为自己呢?成为自己，代表了一些牺牲。凡是为了名、利、权、位，以及所有安逸、舒适、成就，而勉强去做的行动，都应该“牺牲”。这种牺牲是极为困难的。没有人喜欢被人描写为“庸俗”，但是庸俗无疑是比较自在的。倒不是我们不肯牺牲，而是弄不清楚牺牲是为了什么。难道牺牲庸俗之后，就真能成为自我?谁不担心两头落空?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>由此接到“不能”成为自我的绝望。当我努力之后，发现环境的力量太大，“孤臣无力可回天”。若不同流合污，就被淘汰出局。心有余而力不足的情况，并非纯属借口。请问：在我无法支撑自己时，要向谁寻求救援?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 color=#f70938 size=2>希腊神话里的普罗米修斯，因为为人类盗火而触怒天神，被判绑在高加索山上，受老鹰啄食肝脏之苦。夕阳西下，眼见即将死亡；但是旭日东升时，新的肝脏又生出来。虽然痛苦随着生命而有，但是却不致使生命因而屈服。难道人生不是在承受各种痛苦之中，展现非凡的毅力，由此显示独有的尊严?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=2>向谁寻求救援?影子如此问。答案当然是：向主人。回归主人，即是回到根源。但是，我如何辨识自己的根源?这个问题并非不易回答，而是根本无解。宗教的目的何在?在于助人回归。回归即是解脱，即是拯救。既然如此，人生岂不像是一场注定走了一半、又须回头的旅程?那为何不立刻放弃前行?甚至根本不要出发?这是寒风刺骨的质疑。若不妥善应对，也许会导致万念俱灰。我们仍然抱着希望，因为黎明总会降临，求生的意志不容许我们退却。如何使向前奋斗与向上提升配合起来?这才是真正重要的问题。</FONT></P></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[折线统计图及评课反思]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/zzh73/1871.html</link>
<author>zzh73</author>
<pubDate>2008-6-11 8:17:21</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">我教《折线统计图》</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">安徽省淮北市黎苑小学　韩东</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">知识背景和目标定位：</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《折线统计图》是义务教育课程标准实验教科书（人教版）四年级下册的内容，它是在学生已经掌握了收集、整理、描述、分析数据的基本方法，会用统计表</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">单式和复式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">和条形统计图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">单式和复式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">来表示统计结果，并能根据统计图表解决简单的实际问题；了解了统计在现实生活中的意义和作用，建立了统计的观念的基础上，又一次认识一种新的统计图。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">基于以上认识，把《折线统计图》的教学目标定位于以下几点：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、认识折线统计图，并知道其特征。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、能从折线统计图中发现数学问题，同时能够依据数据变化的特征进行合理的推测。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、通过对数据的简单分析，进一步体会统计在生活中的意义和作用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">案例描述：</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">一、创设情境。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、观看科技展录像。看到这些画面，你想说点什么？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、为了使大家能更清楚地了解和分析这几年参观科技展人数的情况，你认为可以用哪些方法来表示参观人数呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、课前我已收集了近几年来参观科技馆的人数，并把它制成了这样一张统计表。仔细观察，你能从统计表中了解到什么信息？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">参观科技展人数统计表</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><BR><BR><B><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007</FONT></B></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">月</SPAN></B><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2003</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2004</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2005</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2006</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 77.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=103>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">人数（万人）</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">24</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">30</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">36</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">36</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">54</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 50.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=67>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">60</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">出示问题：在相邻的两个年份中，（</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; &nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）年到（</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; &nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）年参观人数增加最快。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">你怎么得到这个答案的？你是用什么方法知道的？（计算）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、能不能不通过计算，换一种方式就可以直观得看出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2004</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2005</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年人数增加最快呢？（条形统计图）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">但是，我在科技馆发现了他们用这些数据制成了这样的一幅统计图。（课件折线统计图）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x0000_i1025 style="WIDTH: 419.25pt; HEIGHT: 317.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><v:imagedata o:href="http://hbly.net/jswj/UploadFiles_1136/200712/20071205143604989.gif" src="http://www.abcjy.com/blog/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ZHOUZH~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape></SPAN><BR><BR><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">二、探究新知</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、初步感知</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）这幅统计图中，横轴表示？纵轴表示？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）每年的参观人数在这幅统计图上都找到吗</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">? </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">谁来指着说一说。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）这幅统计图是通过什么来表示出每年的参观人数的？（板书：点：数量多少）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）思考：目前这幅统计图也只是反映出了统计表里的信息，还不能解决刚才问题？看来这个问题有必要我们研究研究。我们不妨带着下面三个问题来看一看。仔细观察，独立思考。然后再把你的想法在小组内说一说。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、深入探究</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）哪年参观人数最多？哪年最少？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）哪年到哪年人数没有变化？哪年到哪年人数增加最快？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">分析：回到前面的问题，在统计表中想知道参观人数增加最快的是哪年到哪年，是通过什么方法得出的？那现在能直观得看出来了吗？（通过线的陡度来看）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">板书：平<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>不变</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">陡<SPAN lang=EN-US>—</SPAN>快</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）借助这幅统计图，体会一下这几年参观人数整体变化情况。你是怎么看出的？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">让学生眯起眼睛看整条线段，感受整体趋势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">课件演示整体上升的过程。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">你们是通过什么看出来的上升的趋势的？（板书：线）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">总结：通过折线的起伏，来反映出数量的增减变化。这正是这种统计图的特点，不仅能够看出数量多少，而且能够更清楚地看数量的增减变化情况。（补充板书：增减变化）。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、为统计图起名字</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">你知道这种统计图叫什么名字吗？让学生根据这幅统计图的特点，自由起名。（板书课题：折线统计图）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、预测</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">能不能根据这幅折线统计图来猜想一下，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年会有多少人来参观？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">总结：同学们，这只是一种猜测，不管是多是少，都有可能，要想知道究竟有多少人来参观，还要年底再作一次调查。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、感知生活中的折线统计图。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">我们已经对折线统计图已经有了一定的认识，想想，生活中你还从哪儿见过折线统计图？（报纸上、股市上、父母单位、电视里<SPAN lang=EN-US>……</SPAN>）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三、实践应用。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、分析折线统计图</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">出示马鞍山师范附小四年级春季收费标准统计图，从图中你可以获得哪些信息？有什么想说的？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><v:shape id=_x0000_i1026 style="WIDTH: 419.25pt; HEIGHT: 317.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><v:imagedata o:href="http://hbly.net/jswj/UploadFiles_1136/200712/20071205143646401.gif" src="http://www.abcjy.com/blog/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ZHOUZH~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image002.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">总结：全国在义务教育阶段，开始免收学杂费了，这项改革是真正惠及到咱们千家万户的好事、实事，使得大批因家庭经济困难辍学儿童能重返校园，是义务教育的一座新的里程碑。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、聪聪、明明两人患病期间体温变化的统计图</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><v:shape id=_x0000_i1027 style="WIDTH: 560.25pt; HEIGHT: 250.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><v:imagedata o:href="http://hbly.net/jswj/UploadFiles_1136/200712/20071205144226474.gif" src="http://www.abcjy.com/blog/file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ZHOUZH~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image003.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、让学生体会到若描述的是不同事物，则需要制条形统计图；若描述同一事物的变化趋势，则制成折线统计图。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、如果想让它合理，怎么在这张统计图上作一些简单的修改？（改成条形统计图）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、做完这个问题后呢，就给咱们带来了一个新的问题：在什么情况下，绘制折线统计图，在什么情况下绘制条形统计图，这个问题其实是以后要研究的内容，你们刚才的发现已经很了不起了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">六、拓展。</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">（课件图文并茂出示）探究我国历史，于上古时代已能看见统计图理念的身影。周易系辞记载<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>上古结绳而治<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，事大，大结其绳，事小，小结其绳，显示已使用<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>分组<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的观念区分大、小事，并运用实体的图像表达所观察到的事象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">到商汤推行井田制度，把地划为九块，形如井字，八家各分一块为私田，中为公田，显见井田制度已略具统计图之轮廓。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">到宋代，南宋史学家郑樵的图谱思想等，则与现代统计图表的制图原则相近。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">至清朝，统计图已广泛的制作与运用，包括农工商统计图、交通统计图及教育统计图等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">至今，统计图已广泛用于生产生活，也演变出形式各异的统计图。除了我们已学过的条形统计图、折线统计图以外，还有柱形统计图、饼形统计图、面积统计图、雷达统计图等等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">师：孩子，大自然的千姿百态，无穷无尽的变幻，造就了无以计数的物象形态。其实在自然界中也存在天然的统计图，看（课件出示树的年轮）这不正是大自然的杰作吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">在实践反思中提升</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">安徽省淮北市教育局教研室<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>田志锋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">今年五月份，我市青年教师韩东参加了安徽省小学数学课堂教学优质课比赛，他执教的《折线统计图》（义务教育课程标准试验教科书<SPAN lang=EN-US>&lt;</SPAN>人教版<SPAN lang=EN-US>&gt;</SPAN>四年级下册）一课<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>给评委和听课教师留下了深刻的印象，结果获得一等奖。作为一名教研员，笔者参与了这次活动的前前后后，通过备课、研磨，经历了一段艰辛和愉悦，换来了个人和群体专业水平的提升。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">一、<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>关于情境创设</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">初次教学<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="韩">韩</st1:PersonName>老师创设一天气温变化情境，出示气温变化情况条形统计图，然后提问：横轴表示什么？纵轴表示什么？从这幅图上你可以获得哪些信息？（生回答）。从这幅统计图上很直观地看出这一天不同时刻的温度，如果我们想一眼看出这一天气温的整体变化情况，该怎样画统计图？（学生沉默）。能不能发挥你想象的翅膀，在条形统计图上大胆作修改或补充？学生小组为单位交流、修改。教师提示、引导，最后引出折线统计图。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">教师不拘泥教材，开发一天不同时刻气温的资源，并运用北师大版教材的处理方法。但当我们系统阅读北师大版教材并思考其编排意图时，发现北师大版教材是把条形统计图和折线统计图编排在同一单元，以条形统计图为基础，利用知识的迁移学习新知，并且都是围绕</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">栽蒜苗</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">这一情境开展活动，探究新知的，而人教版教材却是把它们分在两个学期学习的，显然这样处理是不妥的。在磨课时大家思考：学生怎能想到在条形统计图上进行修改？教师参与小组活动时是否暗示学生？另外统计气温这一情境，学生虽然熟悉，但不去关心它，学生的体温是自己关心的事，而且很多学生有住院治疗的经历，可否换成生病学生体温测量的情境？带着这些思考和困惑，备课组成员交流、研讨，共同改进。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">再次教学时，先播放护士量体温的情境，而后出示小明体温测量情况统计表，让学生观察讨论，你能从统计表中知道什么？（学生交流、发言）。老师对同学们的发言给予表扬、鼓励，然后问：从几时到几时小明的体温增加的最快？这时学生的答案不能统一，还有的学生开始动笔计算，这时教师满足学生的需要，让学生计算。当学生忙于计算时，教师提出一个挑战性的问题：我们能不能不计算就可以直观地解决这个问题？这一问题激发了学生的兴趣，激活了学生的思维。学生经过思考，争先恐后地回答可以画统计图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">……</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">教师适时出示小明体温记录折线统计图，探究新知。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">这次改变教材的呈现方式，由统计表到折线统计图，提出挑战性问题，让学生感悟折线统计图的优越性，激发学生探究新知的欲望。这样顺学而导，符合学生的心理规律和认知特点，让学生在矛盾冲突中找到新方法，学习情绪高涨。当大家非常满意时，我发现苏教版教材的编排是把小数加减法放在折线统计图后，学生不能通过计算解决问题（因比赛地马鞍山四年级用的是苏教版教材），教学又一次陷入了困境。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">当我们苦思而不得其所时，一次南京之行为我们提供了一个素材。在南京科技馆我们很巧合的遇到马鞍山的学生正在参观科技展（其中有上课学校的学生），于是我们用摄像机录下了这一情境，把量体温的情境换成参观科技展的情境。学生对科技展很感兴趣，又看到自己亲身经历的事，学习主动，课堂气氛非常活跃，收到意想不到的效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">让学生在生动具体的情境中学习数学，在现实情境中体验和理解数学，这时课标倡导的新理念。教师在教学过程中应充分利用学生的生活经验，创设与学生的生活环境，知识背景密切相关的，又是学生感兴趣的学习情境，激起学生的生活体验，并自觉用数学的思维方式来解决生活中的问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">二、<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>关于三个问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">数学教学是数学活动的教学，是师生之间、学生之间交往互动与共同发展的生命历程。学生在课堂教学过程中，自主学习，合作交流，产生思维的碰撞，智慧的启迪，获得成功的体验，增强学好数学的信心。教师要尽量给学生提供探索交流的空间，提出具有挑战性的问题，调动学生思维，提高教学实效。在深入探究折线统计图特点的教学中，最初是让学生观察折线统计图后，通过小组交流，指名汇报，由于比较开放，学生的思维没有一个明确的指向，所以学生说的五花八门，甚至离题万里，而且大部分学生还是用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">比较相邻两个数字差</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">的方法比较何时上升最快，而不能根据线段的长度、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">陡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">度等作答，所以也就不能深刻理解折线统计图表示</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">增减变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">的特点。针对这一问题，后来设计了三个问题：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>哪年参观人数最多？哪年最少？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>哪年到那年人数没有变化？哪年到那年人数增加最快？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>）<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>借助这幅统计图，体会一下这几年参观人数整体变化情况。你是怎么看出的？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">教学过程中，教师首先让学生在统计图上指点找数据，学习描点方法，并让学生体会折线统计图用点表示数量多少，而后让学生交流，说自己的发现，再出示三个问题，给学生明确思维的导向，教师再适度引导，让学生抓住折线统计图点、线的特点发现规律：折线统计图不仅能看出数量多少，还能更清楚地看出数量的增减变化，而且能对事物进行合理的判断和预测。从而培养和发展学生的统计观念。课堂教学中有师生情感的投入，闪现学生思维和智慧的火花，不时出现学生的独到见解和真知灼见。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">三、<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN>关于实践应用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">小学统计教学的核心目标是发展学生的统计观念，认识到统计在社会生活及科学领域中的应用，并能解决简单的实际问题。在实践应用环节，教师为学生提供了富有现实意义的素材，让学生解决生活中的问题，使统计知识与生活建立紧密的联系。最初的教学我们选用奥运会、农民收入、沙尘暴三个素材，但学生的积极性不高，教学的效果不理想，这是什么原因？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">我在思考：奥运会、农民收入、沙尘暴都是当今社会倍受关注的问题，但学生关注吗？与学生的现实生活联系紧密吗？如沙尘暴对我国东部学生来说，只是在电视、报纸上看过，有深刻体会吗？奥运会虽是家喻户晓，但不能充分体现折线统计图的优势。后来备课组认真讨论，集体研磨，又求教小学数学专家，决定把三道实践应用题改为：义务教育阶段学生学费问题，在应用新知解决问题的过程中使学生感受到国家对教育的重视，对少年儿童的切身关怀；看聪聪、明明两人生病时的体温统计图，让学生判断谁病情好转了；统计文具店一月中卖出不同文具的问题，让学生通过辩论后感悟用折线统计图不合理，最后经过讨论后学生认为用条形统计图比较合理。这样的素材是发生在学生身边的，贴近学生生活的，学生比较感兴趣的，能激起学生的学习欲望，收到预期效果。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">比赛结束了，但我的思考没有结束：参观科技馆的情境学生熟悉，但统计参观人数这样的统计表离学生是远的，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">万人</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">更远，有更好的情境吗？探究折线统计图时，非要从学生嘴里抠出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">陡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">度，流失了很长时间，有这样的必要吗？这样对学生的牵引迹象是不是太重？本来安排向学生介绍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">折线统计图的发展史</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">，对学生进行数学文化的渗透，而因时间关系未能介绍，遗憾吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<title><![CDATA[欢迎来蜗牛居作客。。。]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/253/1870.html</link>
<author>蜗牛</author>
<pubDate>2008-5-22 21:53:10</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P><FONT color=#cc00ff size=4><STRONG>　&nbsp;&nbsp; 好久没来ABC的博客了，感觉都把这忘了，前天有个人问我如何开设博客，才想起来，原来的博客好象是荒废了。加上改了名字，只能重新来过了。赶紧动手申请开通了蜗牛居，让朋友们来了有个落脚的地方，呵呵，朋友们有时间要经常来串串门啊，蜗牛喜欢热闹的。 <BR>　　蜗牛在这备好了茶，请各位有时间来聊聊，留下你们的想法，呵呵，也可以让我的家热闹点，有时间我也会去你们那回访的。 <BR>　　让我们做个好邻居吧，另外，别忘了加我为好友，呵呵，要不你会忘了来蜗牛家的路的。 <BR>　　蜗牛在此祝你们快乐、如意！天天都有好心情。 </STRONG></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#cc00ff size=4><STRONG>　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2008年5月22日</STRONG></FONT></P>]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[大家好！！]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/30/1869.html</link>
<author>知足长乐</author>
<pubDate>2008-5-21 17:38:32</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[#isubb#ＡＢＣ的朋友们：大家好！！很久没有来这个大家庭了，你们还好吗？]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[自由飞翔]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/252/1868.html</link>
<author>雪中梅08</author>
<pubDate>2008-5-5 19:08:03</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[自由的飞翔]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[在教学中培养学生的抽象概括能力]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/zzh73/1867.html</link>
<author>zzh73</author>
<pubDate>2008-4-29 8:44:58</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 102pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在教学中培养学生的抽象概括能力<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 102pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 102pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">数学概括能力就是从个别的、特别的事例中总结、推广、概括出一般的、普遍的规律的能力。斯宾塞说过：<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>教学要以直观开始，以抽象结束。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>在数学的教与学中，逐步通过从具体到抽象的概括，透过表面形式不同的问题，去伪存真，抓住问题的本质，概括出解决问题的规律和方法，真正掌握数学知识，不只是掌握形式化的数学结论，而更重要的是掌握其中所蕴含丰富的思想方法。所以，数学概括能力是学习数学所必需的能力，必须重视数学概括能力的培养。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对知识、技能的归纳总结过程，是将书本由<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>厚<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>变<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>薄<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的过程，即将零乱无章、各显纷呈的知识条理化，概括为体现本质的、带有规律性的结论。这一教学是一个过程问题，不应是一个简单的结论问题。下面就以我在教学《商不变的规律》一课为例，谈谈我在课堂中培养学生概括能力的做法。　<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上课伊始，先创设猴王分桃的情境，为学生提供具有典型性的、数量适当的具体材料，让学生在宽松、民主的氛围中</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">列出算式，做出判断：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">６÷２＝３　、１２÷４＝３　，６０÷２０＝３，然后把问题抛给学生：从这三个算式中，你能发现什么？此时学生正处于一种<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>似懂非懂<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>似会非会<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>半生不熟<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的状态，学生对知识掌握还处在还比较<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>厚<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的阶段，学生的观察还仅限于知识的表面形式的共同点：都是除法算式，商一样，这时，教师可以给学生的概括活动提供适当的台阶，做好恰当的铺垫，进一步启发：三个算式的商不变，但什么变了呢？请学生想一想，隐含着什么规律在里面？（学生回答，基本意思表达正确，但语句不够规范。）教师继续引导：这个规律是否适用于所有的除法呢？引导学生举例验证，然后通过观察这些实例，透过对实例的计算，进行分析、归纳，使概括的过程螺旋上升、最终一步步地向概念逼近，概括出所蕴涵的本质属性，学生的学习状态已从<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>厚<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>慢慢变<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>薄<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>了。更另人欣喜的是，有同学举出了有余数的除法的例子，发现余数变了，这时引起了同学们激烈的争论，在思维的碰撞当中，大家得出结论：这个规律适用于所有的除法，包括有余数的除法，在有余数的除法中，被除数和除数同时乘或除以相同的数，商也不变，但余数会发生变化。学生对规律的认识更深刻了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">然后再通过及时巩固，增强学生的抽象概括能力。巩固知识主要是指对知识的识记和应用。一个新的概念，如果不及时巩固，是不容易记住的，更谈不上掌握和应用它。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">所以在引导学生能初步用数学语言概括商不变的规律之后，我通过以下练习，进一步去完善强化规律：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>2=3<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">×<SPAN lang=EN-US>2) </SPAN>÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2</SPAN>÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>2)=3<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>6) </SPAN>÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2</SPAN>÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>2)=3<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">×<SPAN lang=EN-US>2) </SPAN>×<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2</SPAN>×<SPAN lang=EN-US>2)=3 <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">(6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">×０<SPAN lang=EN-US>) </SPAN>÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2</SPAN>×<SPAN lang=EN-US>0)=3<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">最后得出结论：在除法里，被除数和除数同时乘或除以相同的数（０除外），商不变。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国有句古话说，授之以鱼不如授之以渔，意思就是给一个人一些鱼还不如教给他捕鱼的方法。正如特级教师钱阳辉所说的<SPAN lang=EN-US>:“</SPAN>如果知识背后没有办法<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>知识只能是一种沉重的负担；如果方法背后没有思想<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>方法只不过是一种笨拙的工具。<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>数学能力的培养要有机地融合在数学教学的过程中<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>能力的发展决不等同于知识技能的获得。能力的形成是一个缓慢的过程，有其自身的特点和规律，它不是学生<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>懂<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>了，也不是学生<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>会<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>了，而是学生自己<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>悟<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>出了道理、规律和思考方法等。这种<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>悟<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>只有在数学活动中才能得以进行，因此教学活动必须给学生提供探索交流的空间，组织、引导学生经历观察、实验、猜想、验证等数学活动过程<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>有的放矢地进行培养学生的概括能力，使学生终生受益。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
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<title><![CDATA[植树问题]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/zzh73/1866.html</link>
<author>zzh73</author>
<pubDate>2008-4-29 8:37:32</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&lt;&lt;</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">植树问题</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&gt;&gt;</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学设计</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 265.05pt; mso-char-indent-count: 22.0; tab-stops: 261.0pt 315.0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 348pt; mso-char-indent-count: 29.0; tab-stops: 261.0pt 315.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学内容</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">义务教育课程标准实验教科书</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人教版</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四年级下册第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">117</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">118</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">页</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学情与教材分析：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“植树问题”原本属于经典的奥数教学内容，新课程教材把它放到了四年级下册的“数学广角”中让所有的学生学习，说明这一教学内容本身具有很高的数学思维含量和很强的探究空间，既需要教师本身的有效引领，也需要学生的自主探究，从学生的思维特点看，三、四年级的学生仍以形象思维为主，但抽象逻辑能力也有了初步的发展，具备了一定的分析综合、抽象概括、归类梳理的数学活动经验，教学时可以从实际的问题入手，引导学生在分析、思考问题的过程中，逐步发现隐含于不同的情形中的规律，经历抽取出数学模型的过程，体验数学思想方法在解决问题中的应用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学目标：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">让学生经历将实际问题中抽取出植树问题模型的过程，理解和掌握在一条不封闭直线上的植树的棵数与间隔数之间的关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尝试用数学的方法来解决实际生活中的简单问题，培养学生的应用意识和解决问题的能力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">感受数学与生活的密切联系，体验数学思想方法在解决问题中的应用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学重点：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">理解棵数与间隔数之间的关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学难点：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应用植树问题的数学模型灵活解决一些相关的实际问题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学准备：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">课件、方案纸、</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="厘米" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厘米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的直尺。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学过程：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; tab-stops: list 21.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">一、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">认识间隔：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、同学们，你能举例说明什么是“间隔”吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、生活中的间隔无处不在，这节课我们就来研究和解决一些简单的，与间隔有关的问题</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">------</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（植树问题）。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、经历探究，构建模型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、初步探究，感受植树。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">出示：为了美化校园环境，学校准备在一条</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的小路的一侧种小树，每隔</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种一棵，一共需要种多少棵树苗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 57.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; tab-stops: list 57.75pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">（1）<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">读题，理解题意</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 57.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; tab-stops: list 57.75pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">（2）<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">猜猜共要多少棵树苗呢？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 57.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; tab-stops: list 57.75pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">（3）<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同学们有这么多种答案</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">哪种是正确的呢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们可以怎么样来验证</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">画图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 57.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; tab-stops: list 57.75pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">（4）<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生画图解决</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、把学生汇报的结果填入表中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、分组探究，寻找规律：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、如果让你来设计植树方案，要在这条路上等距离植树，还可以每隔几米种一棵树呢？请把你的设计方案也填入表中：（小组合作）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<TABLE class=MsoTableGrid style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔长度（米）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数（个）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">棵数（棵）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142 rowSpan=6>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">21<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 5">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.5pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 106.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=142>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、请你仔细观察上表，总长、间隔长度、间隔数、棵数这几者之间有什么关系？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 6pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5; mso-para-margin-left: 2.07gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、学生交流，汇报：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5; mso-para-margin-left: 2.07gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">总长÷间隔长度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">=</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5; mso-para-margin-left: 2.07gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">+1=</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">植树棵数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、验证公式。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三、应用模型解决问题：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="100" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">长的路，如在一边每隔</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="4" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种一棵树，（两端都种），需种多少棵？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、沿河路长</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="2000" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，如果要在路的一边每隔</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安装一盏路灯（两端都安），一共要安装多少盏路灯？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、沿河路长</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="2000" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，如果要在路的两边每隔</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安装一盏路灯（两端都安），一共要安装多少盏路灯？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、快速抢答：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一条长</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="16" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的小路，如果每隔</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="4" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">栽一棵，需要几棵树苗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两端都种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">棵</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果只种一端或者两端都不种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数和棵数又会有什么关系呢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">?<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">得出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只种一端</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">=</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">棵数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两端都不种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间隔数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">-1=</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">棵数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四、植树问题在生活中的应用极广泛：如上楼、锯木头、等都属于植树问题，而且植树问题的种类不仅包括在一条直线上种树，还可以在环形、方形的路上或都湖边植树，如果这条</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="16" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">长的小路就是一个环形，同学们，那间隔数和棵数又会有什么关系呢？请同学们课下研究。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21.75pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[除法的简便计算]]></title>
<link>http://www.soabc.net/blog/user/zzh73/1865.html</link>
<author>zzh73</author>
<pubDate>2008-4-29 8:29:08</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">除法的简便计算</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学内容：人教版四年级下册</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">P43 </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学目标：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; mso-para-margin-left: 2.28gd; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、通过学习让学生理解并掌握“一个数连续除以两个数，可以用这个数除以这两个数的积“的规律。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、使学生在解决问题中，体验解决问题策略的多样性和计算方法的多样化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt; mso-para-margin-left: 2.28gd; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、能合理选择简便方法正确地进行简算，提高学生灵活运用数学知识解决实际问题的能力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学重点：理解并掌握“一个数连续除以两个数，可以用这个数除以这两个数的积”的规律。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学难点：能合理选择简便方法正确地进行简算。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">具：课件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教学过程：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">一、复习旧知。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">引入：我们已经学习了一些简便计算，老师这里有三道计算，你能很快算出结果？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">、口算下面各题，看谁算得又对又快。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: ZH">13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">＋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: ZH">35</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">＋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-language: ZH">65=&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>119-87-13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">＝<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>25</SPAN>×（<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>＋<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>）＝<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">学生先思考再汇报结果，并说说你是怎样计算的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">通过学生的汇报，教师归纳总结：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">同学们真聪明，大家都能用凑整的方法，在有关加、减、乘法的计算中把算式中能凑整的先凑整，使计算更简便。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">、揭示课题。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">二、学习例<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>，探究新知。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、引入：同学们，你们知道<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="12" Month="3" Year="2008"><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>日</st1:chsdate>是什么日子？（植树节），对呀，绿色植物可是人类的好朋友，在春天植树造林正是最好的时节。同学们到白云山参加植树活动。（出示例题）“一共有<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>个小组参加，每个小组种<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>棵树苗。购买树苗花了<SPAN lang=EN-US>200</SPAN>元，每棵树苗多少钱？”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、分析理解题意。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">思考：题中有什么信息？问题求什么？你会解决“每棵树苗多少钱？”这个问题吗？<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、学生尝试解决问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、请两生板书不同解法，并说出先求什么，再求什么。（同桌可交流你是怎样解决的。）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o: